PAF Physics test preparation

Chapter: Physical Quantities and Measurement

1. The SI unit of force is ___?
   Answer: Newton (N)
2. One Mega (M) equals ___?
   Answer: 10⁶
3. One Micro (μ) equals ___?
   Answer: 10⁻⁶
4. Least count of a vernier caliper is ___?
   Answer: 0.1 mm
5. The base SI unit for mass is ___?
   Answer: Kilogram (kg)

Chapter: Motion

1. An object moving with uniform velocity has ___ acceleration.
   Answer: Zero
2. The slope of a distance-time graph gives ___?
   Answer: Speed
3. The slope of a velocity-time graph gives ___?
   Answer: Acceleration
4. Area under a velocity-time graph gives ___?
   Answer: Distance (displacement)
5. A body thrown vertically upward has ___ at maximum height.
   Answer: Zero velocity
6. Free fall acceleration on Earth = ___?
   Answer: 10 m/s² (9.8 m/s² precisely)

Chapter: Forces and Newton’s Laws

1. Newton’s First Law is also called ___?
   Answer: Law of Inertia
2. Newton’s Second Law: F = ___?
   Answer: ma (mass × acceleration)
3. Newton’s Third Law states: every action has an equal and opposite ___?
   Answer: Reaction
4. The force that opposes motion between surfaces is ___?
   Answer: Friction
5. Weight of an object is measured in ___?
   Answer: Newton (N)

Chapter: Work, Energy and Power

1. Work done = Force × ___?
   Answer: Displacement
2. Unit of energy is ___?
   Answer: Joule (J)
3. Kinetic energy = ½ × mass × ___?
   Answer: velocity² (v²)
4. Potential energy = mass × g × ___?
   Answer: height (h)
5. Power is defined as work done per unit ___?
   Answer: Time
6. Unit of power is ___?
   Answer: Watt (W)

Chapter: Waves and Sound

1. Sound cannot travel through ___?
   Answer: Vacuum
2. The speed of sound in air at 0°C is approximately ___?
   Answer: 330 m/s
3. Frequency is measured in ___?
   Answer: Hertz (Hz)
4. The pitch of sound depends on ___?
   Answer: Frequency
5. Loudness of sound depends on ___?
   Answer: Amplitude

Chapter: Electricity

1. Ohm’s Law states: V = ___?
   Answer: IR (current × resistance)
2. Unit of resistance is ___?
   Answer: Ohm (Ω)
3. Unit of electric current is ___?
   Answer: Ampere (A)
4. A line passing through the center of a circle is called ___?
   Answer: Diameter
5. In a series circuit, current is ___ throughout.
   Answer: Same (constant)
6. In a parallel circuit, ___ is the same across all branches.
   Answer: Voltage

1. The moment of inertia depends on the ___ and distribution of mass.
   Answer: Mass
2. Angular momentum = moment of inertia × ___?
   Answer: Angular velocity (ω)
3. Torque = Force × ___?
   Answer: Perpendicular distance (moment arm)
4. A projectile launched horizontally has ___ initial vertical velocity.
   Answer: Zero
5. At maximum height of a projectile, vertical velocity = ___?
   Answer: Zero
6. Work done by a force at 90° to displacement = ___?
   Answer: Zero

Waves (F.Sc)

1. v = fλ represents ___?
   Answer: Wave speed = frequency × wavelength
2. Constructive interference occurs when two waves are ___ phase.
   Answer: In phase (0° or 360°)
3. Destructive interference occurs when phase difference = ___?
   Answer: 180° (π radians)

Electricity and Magnetism (F.Sc)

1. Capacitance is measured in ___?
   Answer: Farads (F)
2. EMF stands for ___?
   Answer: Electromotive Force
3. Magnetic force on a moving charge: F = qvB × sin(θ). When θ = 0, F = ___?
   Answer: Zero
4. Lenz’s Law is a consequence of the law of conservation of ___?
   Answer: Energy

Thermodynamics (F.Sc)

1. The First Law of Thermodynamics is based on conservation of ___?
   Answer: Energy
2. In an isothermal process, ___ remains constant.
   Answer: Temperature
3. In an adiabatic process, no ___ is exchanged with surroundings.
   Answer: Heat
4. Entropy is a measure of ___?
   Answer: Disorder / Randomness

Modern Physics (F.Sc)

1. Photoelectric effect was explained by ___?
   Answer: Einstein
2. The minimum energy to eject an electron from a metal surface is called ___?
   Answer: Work Function
3. An alpha particle consists of ___ protons and ___ neutrons.
   Answer: 2 protons and 2 neutrons
4. In nuclear fission, a heavy nucleus splits into ___ fragments.
   Answer: Smaller (lighter) fragments
5. Half-life is the time for ___ of a radioactive sample to decay.
   Answer: Half